The results show that mobile monitoring is particularly relevant for Mohammedia because of the city’s heterogeneous pollution sources, ongoing urban expansion, and budget constraints. However, mobile systems cannot fully replace fixed reference sta-tions in terms of metrological reliability and regulatory compliance. In this context, mobile stations equipped with appropriate error-correction methods represent a prac-tical and cost-effective solution for improving spatial air quality assessment, particu-larly where expanding a dense fixed network is financially or technically difficult.

The findings indicate that mobile monitoring holds special significance for Mohammedia due to the city's diverse pollution sources, continuous urban growth, and limited financial resources. Nevertheless, mobile systems lack the metrological accuracy and regulatory standards that fixed reference stations provide. Given these circumstances, mobile stations that incorporate suitable error-correction techniques offer a feasible and economical approach to enhance spatial air quality evaluation, especially in areas where establishing a comprehensive fixed monitoring network faces financial or technical challenges.