Despite its many strengths, the book is not without limitations. Its strong focus on European and North American contexts raises questions about the applicability of its findings to other regions, particularly Mediterranean, tropical, or arid environments, where constraints can be markedly different (Mosquera-Losada et al., 2018). In addition, social and anthropological aspects remain relatively underexplored. Issues such as farmer perceptions, adoption dynamics, and land governance are only briefly addressed, even though they are critical for understanding the limited uptake of agroforestry in practice.

While the book has considerable strengths, it also has some notable weaknesses. The heavy emphasis on European and North American settings creates uncertainty about whether the results can be applied elsewhere, especially in Mediterranean, tropical, or arid regions where environmental challenges may differ significantly (Mosquera-Losada et al., 2018). Furthermore, the book gives limited attention to social and anthropological factors. Topics like how farmers view agroforestry, the processes behind adoption decisions, and land governance structures receive only superficial treatment, despite being essential for explaining why agroforestry practices have seen limited real-world implementation.